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Prehistoric Digital Poetry: An Archaeology of Forms, 1959-1995
In this book, the author, Chris Funkhouser provides a comprehensive historical, descriptive, and technical account of early works of computer-assisted poetry composition. Focusing on examples of digital poetry before the world wide web rather than on literary precursors to web experiments. Funkhouser demonstrates how technological constraints that would seemingly limit the aesthetics of poetry have instead extended and enriched poetic discourse. As a history of early digital poetry and a record of an era that has passed, this study aspires both to influence poets working today and to highlight what the future of digital poetry may hold. The book is divided into five different sections: origination, visual and kinetic design poems, hypertext and hypermedia, alternative arrangements and techniques enabled.
Patricia Tomaszek - 24.02.2011 - 11:32
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Image and Text in Hypermedia Literature: The Ballad of Sand and Harry Soot
A detailed reading of the relations between image, text, and linkage in Strickland's hypermedia ballad.
Scott Rettberg - 24.02.2011 - 11:39
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Computer Lib: You can and must understand computers now / Dream Machines: New freedoms through computer screens—a minority report
Computer Lib: You can and must understand computers now / Dream Machines: New freedoms through computer screens—a minority report
Scott Rettberg - 25.03.2011 - 12:19
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Hypertextual Rhythms (The Momentary Advantage of Our Awkwardness)
Michael Joyce's paper, "Hypertextual Rhythms (The Momentary Advantage of Our Awkwardness)," addresses the historical moment of recent hypertext fiction. He will suggest that the common perception of hypertext as an awkward and opaque mode of discourse may actually make it easier to grasp its historical significance. Before the novelty of the electronic medium fades, and electronic text assumes the transparency that printed text now has, we may better understand it as a distinct representational form.
Joyce presented this paper as part of a special session, "Hypertext, Hypermedia: Defining a Fictional Form," at the 1992 MLA Convention. The panel was chaired by Terence Harpold. Other panelists included pioneering hypertext authors: Carolyn Guyer, Judy Malloy, and Stuart Moultrhop.
(Source: Humanist Archives Vol. 6 : 6.0338 Hypertext at MLA)
Eric Dean Rasmussen - 01.01.2012 - 13:30
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What Hypertext Is
Over the past couple decades, as the term "hypertext" has gained a certain popular currency, a question has been raised repeatedly: "What is hypertext?" Our most respected scholars offer a range of different, at times incompatible, answers. This paper argues that our best response to this situation is to adopt the approach taken with other terms that are central to intellectual communities (such as "natural selection," "communism," and "psychoanalysis"), a historical approach. In the case of "hypertext" the term began with Theodor Holm ("Ted") Nelson, and in this paper two of his early publications of "hypertext" are used to determine its initial meaning: the 1965 "A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate" and the 1970 "No More Teachers' Dirty Looks." It is concluded that hypertext began as a term for forms of hypermedia (human-authored media that "branch or perform on request") that operate textually. This runs counter to definitions of hypertext in the literary community that focus solely on the link. It also runs counter to definitions in the research community that privilege tools for knowledge work over media.
Scott Rettberg - 25.05.2012 - 14:15
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Quantum Feminist Mnemotechnics: The Archival Text, Digital Narrative and The Limits of Memory
New technologies-- whether used for artistic or scientific ends--require new shapes to speak their attributes. Feminist writers too have long sought a narrative shape that can exist both inside and outside of patriarchal systems. Where like-minded theorists have tried to define a gender-specific dimension for art, Quantum Feminist Mnemotechnics demonstrates that feminist artists have already built and are happily inhabiting this new technological room of their own. This dissertation is an exploration of the architectural shapes of mnemonic systems in women's narratives in the new media (focusing on Shelley Jackson's Patchwork Girl, M.D. Coverley's Califia and Diana Reed Slattery's Glide and The Maze Game as exemplary models). Memory is key here, for, what gets stored or remembered has always been the domain of official histories, of the conqueror speaking his dominant cultural paradigm and body. I explore at length three spatial architectures of the new media: the matrix, the unfold and the knot.
Carolyn Guertin - 20.06.2012 - 19:00
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Cinematic Paradigms for Hypertext
This paper combines film and hypertext theory to try and 'prise open' some hypertextual questions that have been poorly framed. It will use incorporate short film examples. It is also hoped that along the way it might provide a useful way for thinking about how, or why, cinematic theory (of one sort or another) is becoming increasingly relevant in hypertext theory.
The recent history of hypertext and the image has produced a geneology that seems to have orientated itself around one of three major axes:
- poststructural literary theories
- post-ditigal celebrations of hypermedia 'promiscuity'
- post-digital appropriations of cinema into hypertext
The first category is what could be characterised as 'canonical' hypertext theory, and is represented by the early work of people like Jay David Bolter, Michael Joyce, George Landow and Richard Lanham. This work implicitly locates hypertext within existing literary traditions and relies upon the insights, and appropriation of, various softened forms of poststructural philosophy (Derrida, Deleuze, de Man, Iser, et al).
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 17:33
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Storyspace 1
Storyspace, a hypertext writing environment, has been widely used for writing, reading, and research for nearly fifteen years. The appearance of a new implementation provides a suitable occasion to review the design of Storyspace, both in its historical context and in the context of contemporary research. Of particular interest is the opportunity to examine its use in a variety of published documents, all created within one system, but spanning the most of the history of literary hypertext.
EDITOR'S NOTE: This paper is interesting for the technical background it provides on many often-analysed works of electronic literature.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 14:49
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Formalisation d’un modèle fonctionnel de communication à l’aide des technologies numériques appliqué à la création poétique
This work develops a theoretical model of the communication which is established in e-poetry between an author and a reader by use of two computers. One is used to create the work and the other to read it. The files are transmitted with a CDROM.
We make first a diachronic study of the field. It shows that conceptions gradually evolve. The study of visual forms shows that the mind representation of the system made by the actors are important in this communication.
The model of linked text is purposed. The concept of text depends upon the global representation of the situation for each actor. This model is developed in cognitive and semiotic approaches. The notions of texte-à-voir, texte-écrit and texte-lu are introduced.
Scott Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 17:02
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Les Basiques: la littérature numérique
Ce Basiques se propose d'explorer les contrées de la littérature numérique. Ses approches sont diverses et relèvent de conceptions parfois antagonistes. Elle forme un continent ancré dans des cultures variées qui dialoguent entre elles en son sein parce qu'elle les mixe et les questionne. La littérature numérique s'insère ainsi pour partie dans la continuité de démarches littéraires parfois anciennes, mais présente par ailleurs des points de rupture d'avec elles. C'est pourquoi son rapport avec les littératures issues des traditions classiques demeure conflictuel, souvent à son corps défendant, et ce, sans doute, pour longtemps encore. Que cela ne t'empêche pas, ami lecteur, de l'explorer. Elle te réservera bien des surprises, enflammera ton imaginaire comme il sied à toute littérature et saura te procurer toute une alchimie d'émotions, tant affectives qu'intellectuelles, sur des modes inattendus et vierges de toute rengaine.
(Source: Bootz's introduction to the project)
Scott Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 17:19
