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  1. Algorithmic Invention

    In his 1966 essay “Rhétorique et enseignement,” Gérard Genette observes that literary studies did not always emphasize the reading of texts. Before the end of the nineteenth century, the study of literature revolved around the art of writing. Texts were not objects to interpret but models to imitate. The study of literature emphasized elocutio, or style and the arrangement of words. With the rise of literary history, academic reading approached texts as objects to be explained. Students learned to read in order to write essays (dissertations) where they analyzed texts according to prescribed methods. This new way of studying literature stressed dispositio, or the organization of ideas. Recent developments in information technology have further challenged paradigms for reading literature. Digital tools and resources allow for the study of large collections of texts using quantitative methods. Various computational methods of distant as well as close reading facilitate investigations into fundamental questions of the possibilities for literary creation. Technology has the potential for exploring inventio, or the finding of ideas that can be expressed through writing.

    Li Yi - 29.08.2018 - 15:27

  2. Gestural Semiotics and App Fiction

    In his theory of gestural manipulations, Bouchardon (2014; see Ensslin 2014: 82-83) starts from the assumption that “all clicking is interpretive” (160). He proposes a refined view of how readers interact with digital media through a “repertoire of gestures” (161-162), the use of which depends on the physical device used to interact with a particular text. In his view, analyses of gestural manipulations happen at five distinct levels: (1) the gesteme, which is an individual move, such as a key stroke or a mouse click, linking haptic move and interactive interface item; (2) the acteme, which refers to a sequence of individual gestemes combining to form a larger unit of gestural meaning, such as drag-and-drop; (3) the semiotic unit of manipulation (“SUM”), which is the sum of identical or similar actemes and their semiotic function; (4) media coupling, which denotes specific functions and meanings of SUMs in their medial contexts; and (5) interactive discourse, which happens at the superordinate level of digital text in context, and relates to the meanings of gestural interactions against this larger backdrop. 

    Susanne Årflot Løtvedt - 29.08.2018 - 15:28

  3. Inner Telescope: The First Poem in Outer Space (a Conversation)

    Kac's work, entitled Inner Telescope, was specifically conceived for zero gravity and was not brought from Earth: it was made in space by Thomas Pesquet (French astronaut) following the artist's instructions.

    The artwork was made from materials already available in the space station. It consists of a form that has neither top nor bottom, neither front nor back. Viewed from a certain angle, it reveals the French word “MOI“ [meaning “me”, or "myself"]; from another point of view one sees a human figure with its umbilical cord cut. This “MOI“ stands for the collective self, evoking humanity, and the umbilical cord cut represents our liberation from gravitational limits.

    Inner Telescope is an instrument of observation and poetic reflection, which leads us to rethink our relationship with the world and our position in the Universe.

    Scott Rettberg - 29.08.2018 - 15:28

  4. Video Poetry by Mohamed Habibi: Report from Dubai

    The first ever conference focusing on Arab electronic literature was held last February in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Until this conference, little was know of efforts in the Arab world to create and share electronic literature. This presentation introduces one author, Mohamed Habibi, and some of his works of video poetry, that, as argued here, are grounded more in sound than vision.

    (Source: Author's abstract from ELO 2018 conference site)

    Miriam Takvam - 29.08.2018 - 15:29

  5. How Computers Read Computer Generated Novels

    In this paper, Whalen proposes a course of study into the textuality of computer-generated novels, specifically the corpus of work generated for NaNoGenMo. Given the scope of this corpus, Whalens' intention is to use text analysis techniques such as topic modeling, frequency analysis, stylometrics, and other varieties of machine reading to explore these questions about the textual characteristics of computer-generated fiction. 

    sondre rong davik - 29.08.2018 - 15:29

  6. E-Lit in the Gutter: Applying McCloud's Transition Categories to Interactive Fiction

    Scott McCloud’s Understanding Comics has been a staple text in digital media classes for decades. Chapters focusing on topics such as symbolic and iconic representation, relationships between word and image, and the illustration of time provide powerful insights into the creation and interpretation of digital works. McCloud’s analysis of the visual-centric comic medium bears obvious relevance to what we create and see on the screen. For those working in interactive fiction, however, the most useful chapter may be the one dedicated to what cannot be seen. Chapter 3, “Blood in the Gutter”, examines the physical and narrative gaps between frames in a comic strip or book. These gaps, or “gutters” are the visible whitespaces between inked panes and, simultaneously, the conceptual spaces between points in a narrative. McCloud’s examination of these spaces offers valuable insights for both authors and readers of the code-triggered gaps between hyperlinked elements of an interactive fiction. 

    June Hovdenakk - 29.08.2018 - 15:30

  7. A framework for developing multi-modal media-spaces using AI techniques

    The act of integrating physical, virtual and textual conceptual spaces to create a unified new media artifact can be challenging. In our work we embrace a constant state of reconceptualization, as we transition between physical aspects of a performance and AI based manipulations that are both visual (art abstraction) and semantic. In these experiments the AI system works with meaning in terms of semantic keywords about the emotions and descriptions of a work. To fully explore the capabilities of these new immersive, virtual and semantic technologies, we can no longer rely on traditional creation, editing and production techniques, but must develop new practices and styles. We propose a new framework for creating what we refer to as ‘multimodal media-spaces.’ These media-spaces include interactive and video-based work that seek to combine physical, virtual and textual entities. This paper details our framework and its uses in several juried multimedia pieces. In our work we use 360 VR and multi-camera filming, movement performance from amateur and professionals, distortions of space and time using AI cinematic projections.

    Jane Lausten - 29.08.2018 - 15:30

  8. eLITE-CM Project: Developing enriching interactivity in children digitized literature and e-lit

    The market, the academia, parents and even pediatricians have witnessed the growing avalanche of digital products aimed at appeasing adults’ anxieties regarding the education of future generations, of children who have already fallen prey to the fascination of the screens. Among this offer overdose, it is difficult to elucidate which products are actually fulfilling their promises and which are dull, ineffective or even aggravating the evils they are supposedly counteracting. 

    This presentation will address some of the concerns regarding the future of reading education by focusing on the study of two bilingual works: an enriched digitized edition of an old children story and a piece of interactive fiction. Each textual modality requires different strategies to produce engaging forms of interactivity, though in both cases the pedagogical intention is the same: to promote the pleasure of reading. 

    Jana Jankovska - 29.08.2018 - 15:31

  9. Corpus et interfaces: comment penser le partage du sens

    Cet article présente la plateforme #Idéo2017 (http://ideo2017.ensea.fr/plateforme/), qui répond au besoin sociétal d’une meilleure compréhension des événements sociaux, politiques, culturels. Les réseaux sociaux font de plus en plus partie du quotidien, notamment en ce qui concerne la « consommation » de l’information (Mercier, 2014). Le service de microblogging Twitter peut être considéré comme un indicateur pour connaître les réactions de ses utilisateurs sur des sujets sociaux (Longhi et Saigh, 2016 à sur la réforme du statut des intermittents), politiques (Longhi, 2014 ; Conover et al., 2011), économiques, etc. Par conséquent, on peut utiliser ces données textuelles pour extraire les émotions, les sentiments, les opinions, des utilisateurs (Kristen et Dan, 2016). Si des travaux universitaires ou industriels existent, les résultats sont difficilement accessibles pour les citoyens intéressés par ce thème.

    Amirah Mahomed - 29.08.2018 - 15:33

  10. Rethinking Contemporaneity: incoherent, uncertain and speculating about Electronic Literature

    The paradigm of the contemporary has become a vertebral concept to understand what is happening with the relationships between sound/image/text in space/time of emerging contemporary artistic practices like Electronic Literature. It is important to ask the question; why within these practices such concepts can coexist without any problem; and because when they are theorized, they have to be fragmented? 

    This is the origin of a whole series of transformations in the ways of production and how the knowledge given to explain contemporaneity is questioned. Questioning what has been given us includes a complex, non-linear, chaotic, uncertain and, above all, speculative web. 

    The objective of this paper is to find arguments that allow us to understand why artistic practices like Electronic Literature accepts coexistence of concepts like sound/image/text; while theorization is a battlefield that defends the interests of its object of study as a paranoid legitimizing state that decides what we should think as contemporary and what is not. 

    Linn Heidi Stokkedal - 29.08.2018 - 15:34

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