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1. Creativity is something for hairdressers - so what is it for writers? Why the differentiation of 'literature' and 'writing' is obsolete, and what the Internet has to do with it

   I will try to make a blend between the notion of "creative writing", which is typically American (and doesn't exist in most of continental Europe), and the discourse of creative industries, which is typically European, and try to stab the notion of "creative" a bit as a kind of helpless placeholder for something that, for whatever reason, is no longer called literary or artistic. So, referring to Kenny Goldsmith, it's not about a dichotomy creative/uncreative, but what's questionable about the concept in the first place. If we shift the issue from an idealist to a materialist perspective, then the difference between creative/literary writing and common writing has always been arbitrary.

   The critical edition of Kafka, which now includes the documents he wrote for his insurance company, is a good example, as are earlier examples of published letters, diaries etc. Foucault's criticism of the the notion of the oeuvre, whether it would include scraps and laundry bills or not, seems quite backwards to me. The actual difference has been one of published and non-published writing, with publishing being (for technical and economic reasons) controlled by an industry.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 14.06.2012 - 16:38

2. Über Literatur und Digitalcode / Digital Code and Literary Text

   "This paper is based on the general (yet disputable) assumption that the theoretical debate of literature in digital networks has shifted, just as the poetic practices it is shaped after, from perceiving computer data as an extension and transgression of textuality (as manifest in such notions as "hypertext'', "hyperfiction'', "hyper-/ multimedia'') towards paying attention to the very codedness - i.e. textuality - of digital systems themselves."

   Original text by Florian Cramer, retrieved from https://www.netzliteratur.net/cramer/digital_code_and_literary_text.html

    

   Johannes Auer - 05.11.2012 - 22:23

3. Blending the Crossword with the Narrative: An Examination of the Storygame

   Interactive narrative cannot be understood as only literature or as only game, nor even as a combative relationship between the two. Narrative-oriented "games" are neither novel nor movie, but they are likewise significantly different beasts than conventional, competitive games. They rather draw elements from both. We will come to terms with the concept of the storygame by examining the historical role of games in stories and stories in games to come to understand how the two forms combined into the modern storygame, focusing on the key traits of interactivity and immersion.

   Scott Rettberg - 07.01.2013 - 22:47

4. Storyspace 1

   Storyspace, a hypertext writing environment, has been widely used for writing, reading, and research for nearly fifteen years. The appearance of a new implementation provides a suitable occasion to review the design of Storyspace, both in its historical context and in the context of contemporary research. Of particular interest is the opportunity to examine its use in a variety of published documents, all created within one system, but spanning the most of the history of literary hypertext.

   EDITOR'S NOTE: This paper is interesting for the technical background it provides on many often-analysed works of electronic literature.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 14:49

5. Literature in a State of Emergency

   Giorgio Agamben has identified the “State of Exception” as the emergent principle of governance for the 21st Century. To summarize Agamben’s argument, alongside the emergence of modern theories of governance (democratic societies with defined human rights), a state of permanent emergency has been declared in response to the various threats (terrorism, ecological disasters, migration, etc.) that have enabled an exception to the rule to persist as the emerging norm. Parallel to this crisis in politics, there is the increasing currency of the term emergence in literary criticism, media theory, and cultural studies to describe the general state of change. Increasingly, this term is used to describe change as a benign and specifically digital determinism. This paper will consider electronic literature as both a laboratory for formal innovation and a site of critique.

   Scott Rettberg - 25.09.2013 - 12:36

6. The Postulate to Hyperdescribe the World: Film Poems by Katarzyna Gie łż y ń ska

   The film-poem emerges from the crossroads of literature, film and animation. Giełżyńska's works appear as ironic, personal, cross-medial statements. The Polish author sets herself an ambitious task: "to play at the world's own game" by describing it in a fast-paced, polimedial, synesthetic way. Resembling "animated posters", the film-poems reflect the condition of the contemporary artist and her cultural, linguistic and technological context and try to redefine the answers to the old question: how to describe the world? who is the author? what is the difference between the human and non-human? The message carried by the film-poems is quite universal, if not global, hence the decision to translate them into English

   (Source: ELO 2014 conference.)

   Scott Rettberg - 19.06.2014 - 03:28

7. Visualizing la(e)ng(-u-)age

   Electronic literature not only engages “new media” elements (such as links, navigation, structure, animation, color, images, sound, computer programming) but also toys with the very foundation of literature—the language itself. After 20 years, we need to look back to remind people about these en(gag)(-tangl-)ements. As language is rapidly shifting with new te(xt )chnologies, we need to look ahead to see where electronic literature can engage with these emerging forms of language.

   First, I will briefly present previous works to provide a history of electronic literature’s engagement with language. I will cover:

   Character-augmented languages such as:

   · Talan Memmott’s Lexia to Perplexia and Mez’ mezzangle (languages using regular fonts which add or subtract characters to words to create other words, usually employing parentheses)

   · My work-in-progress Chronic (a handwritten language which adds or subtracts letters in a similar manner but employing upper characters to add letters and overbars to subtract letters)

   Visual languages such as:

   Scott Rettberg - 19.06.2014 - 20:31

8. Understanding Cosmo-Literature: The Extensions of New Media

   The central objective of this paper is to provide a new conceptual theoretical framework starting from the role of new new media in shaping a new kind of literature, which I call Cosmo-Literature. Towards this, I start working from Levinson’s differentiation among old media, new media, and new new media to arrive at the difference among the variable types of media. Next, I address the role of new new media in establishing world democracies and changing the social, cultural, and political world map. After that, I investigate the terms of “global village” and “cosmopolitanism” in relation to literature. To clarify what I mean by Cosmo Literature, I will investigate two new new media novels: Only One Millimeter Away, an Arabic Facebook novel by the Moroccan novelist Abdel-Wahid Stitu, and Hearts, Keys and Puppetry an English Twitter novel by Neil Gaiman, to infer the characteristics of Cosmo literature in general and Cosmo narration in particular.
   

   Hannah Ackermans - 17.01.2017 - 15:35

9. Dérives. Bringing (digital) space back to literature.

   Since its earliest materializations, literature has tried to not only describe space, but also to imagine new forms of it. Utopian literature has always envisioned a socio-political perspective in thinking about new societies, not only in a temporal manner – in an undefined future or past – but also through the invention of countries, maps, and even worlds. In the 20th century, it was via the works of science-fiction writers that things such as cybernetics, virtual reality, and cyberspace became a common imaginary, shared by all kinds of people. 

   If until the beginning of 1990s, literature was one of the prominent instances, along with cinema, shaping the spatial imaginary and its structures, throughout the 1990s the role of literature in building and shaping these common spaces was progressively replaced by a more technological and commercial discourse. 

   Amirah Mahomed - 03.10.2018 - 15:20

10. Electronic Literature, or Whatever It’s Called Now: the Archive and the Field

    The umbrella term ‘electronic literature’ arches broadly over a multitude of digital art forms, so long as they satisfy the criteria ‘electronic’, and ‘literature’. However, it is this paper’s primary contention that the extent of the term’s coverage is delimited by whatever has already been archived. Understandings of what constitute ‘literature’ and the ‘literary’ are manifold and include concepts of the letterary (also as in ‘belles lettres’), the poetic, the lyrical – but also, the canonical, and the institutional. This paper will argue that that which can now be pointed to by literary and digital humanities scholars, and called ‘electronic literature’, is in large part only recognisable because archivisation has been used in its regard as an instrument for institutionalisation and canon-creation. This body of work is also only findable because archivisation has preserved it, faced as it is with the constant threats of platform erosion, and obsolescence sooner rather than later. Archivisation is therefore both a problem of media, and a problem of selection.

    Vian Rasheed - 12.11.2019 - 03:35