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1. The Monstrous Book and the Manufactured Body in the Late Age of Print

   The Monstrous Book and the Manufactured Body in the Late Age of Print: Material Strategies for Innovative Fiction in Shelley Jackson’s Patchwork Girl and Steve Tomasula’s VAS: An Opera in Flatland 

   Patricia Tomaszek - 06.05.2011 - 14:51

2. Désir Insuffisant

   Désir Insuffisant est une œuvre inédite et non consultable. Créée à une date indéterminée, elle possède néanmoins un auteur en la personne de Philippe Bootz. Il s’agit même de sa première œuvre Web. Bien que non consultable, l’œuvre est d’un accès facile. Je me propose ici de vous donner les quelques réflexions qu’elle m’a suscitées.

   Davin Heckman - 03.02.2012 - 14:03

3. Fuzzy Coherence: Making Sense of Continuity in Hypertext Narratives

   Hypertexts are digital texts characterized by interactive hyperlinking and a fragmented textual organization. Increasingly prominent since the early 1990s, hypertexts have become a common text type both on the Internet and in a variety of other digital contexts. Although studied widely in disciplines like hypertext theory and media studies, formal linguistic approaches to hypertext continue to be relatively rare. 

   Patricia Tomaszek - 25.03.2012 - 13:25

4. The Paratexts of Inanimate Alice: Thresholds, Genre Expectations and Status

   In her book Writing Machines, N. Katherine Hayles described the concept of thetechnotext. Hayles used this concept to provide an analysis of a range of texts, including online work, based on their materiality. The analysis described in this article complements this method by developing an approach that explores the conditions of production of contemporary digital literature. It achieves this aim by providing a close reading of the online paratextual elements associated with the first four episodes ofInanimate Alice by Kate Pullinger and Chris Joseph. In doing so, it modifies the print-based analytical framework provide by Gérard Genette and others to develop a detailed account of the off-site, on-site and in-file paratexts of this online work. It sets out a range of thresholds that mould the reception of this text. It also notes how they position it within wider discourses about genre, media, literature and literacy. This article concludes by exploring the limits of this paratextual reading. It discusses whether it provides an adequate account of the material conditions of these texts.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 02.06.2012 - 14:25

5. Stalking the paratext: speculations on hypertext links as a second order text

   n the popular conception of hypertext as nonlinear writing, primary emphasis typically falls on the construction, character, and quantity of constituent lexias that comprise any given hypertext. This paper, however, will focus on what the text would reveal if an ordered collection were made of the links emerging from the main (first order) text. Such a collection, as a second order text or parallel text, which I propose to call the parutext, comprises the layer- world of links, of intertextual descriptors that could be subjectcd to cluster analyses that reveal aspects of cohesion, breadth, and other speculative characteristics of the first order text. 

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 02.06.2012 - 14:45

6. Comments on Comments in Code

   Where in source code do we locate the "extra-functional significance" that Critical Code Studies calls us to critique? One starting point is in code comments. In most programming languages, comments are simple marks that set aside text for humans to read but computers to ignore. The act of "commenting" and "uncommenting" circulates this text into and out of the code per se, which is to say into and out of the purview of the compiler / interpreter. Like footnotes or endnotes, code comments are paratexts — continuous with and yet set apart from the source. Where they serve as actual *commentaries*, these paratexts enabling programmers to signal intentions, record histories, and render aesthetic judgements: comments enable the vital processes of software development culture.

   Patricia Tomaszek - 07.07.2012 - 22:36

7. Critical Code Studies

   Critical Code Studies

   Patricia Tomaszek - 10.07.2012 - 23:08

8. Frankophone Hyperfiction

   Frankophone Hyperfiction

   Patricia Tomaszek - 12.07.2012 - 17:18

9. Footnotes in Fiction: A Rhetorical Approach

   This study explores the use of footnotes in fictional narratives. Footnotes and endnotes fall under the category of what Gérard Genette has labeled paratexts, or the elements that sit above or external to the text of the story. In some narratives, however, notes and other paratexts are incorporated into the story as part of the internal narrative frame. I call this particular type of paratext an artificial paratext. Much like traditional paratexts, artificial paratexts are often seen as ancillary to the text. However, artificial paratexts can play a significant role in the narrative dynamic by extending the boundaries of the narrative frame, introducing new heuristic models for interpretation, and offering alternative narrative threads for the reader to unravel. In addition, artificial paratexts provide a useful lens through which to explore current theories of narrative progression, character development, voice, and reliability. In the first chapter, I develop a typology of paratexts, showing that paratexts have been used to deliver factual information, interpretive or analytical glosses, and discursive narratives in their own right.

   Patricia Tomaszek - 16.11.2012 - 15:43

10. The Web is Paratextual: An Exploration of the Web's Architecture from a Paratextual Perspective

    Contrary to what one might assume when comparing the materiality of the book-as-object to the Web, this paper proofs what the title promises and projects Gérard Genette's '87 book-based paratext theory onto the Web. Elements of the Web’s architecture selected for this paratextual study include textual units that are exposed in browser windows, thereby taking into consideration Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the structure of website-addresses and links.The presentation concludes with examples from electronic literature, that is literature in programmable media, an artistic practice employing language-driven, linguistic, and literary features in multi-medial, digital environments carried out by an artist, programmer, designer, or computer program.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 07.12.2012 - 11:46

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