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  1. Michael Joyce

    Michael Joyce (born 1945) is a professor of English at Vassar College, NY, USA, and a pioneering author and critic of electronic literature. Joyce's afternoon: a story, 1987, was among the first literary hypertexts.

    Jill Walker Rettberg - 05.01.2011 - 12:16

  2. afternoon, a story

    Afternoon was first shown to the public as a demonstration of the hypertext authoring system Storyspace, announced in 1987 at the first Association for Computing Machinery Hypertext conference in a paper by Michael Joyce and Jay David Bolter.[1] In 1990, it was published on diskette and distributed in the same form by Eastgate Systems.

    The hypertext fiction tells the story of Peter, a recently divorced man who one morning witnessed a deadly car crash where he believes his ex-wife and son were involved. He cannot stop blaming himself as he walked away from the accident without helping the injured people. A recurring sentence throughout the story "I want to say I may have seen my son die this morning" where [I want to say] is one of many lexias built into a loop which causes the reader to revisit the same lexia throughout the story. The hypertext centers around the car accident, but also reveals the multifarious ways of the characters' mutual promiscuity.

    Jill Walker Rettberg - 05.01.2011 - 12:33

  3. Twelve Blue

    Published in 1996, “Twelve Blue” is a work by Michael Joyce that has been considered the first hyperlink story of its kind. The story is devised in 8 different bars, and all relate in some way to the color blue. He sets us with minor and major characters and keeps us going through the bars. You are able to click through different links and some of them leads you to pictures, while the rest lead you through more and more of the story. Each story focuses on an object of some kind or some character. The backdrop and text is a dark and a light blue and there is a side bar with a picture of different color bars that look more like stars.The language in “Twelve Blue” is very concise and to the point. It is simple and is placed with a unique purpose. Even however simple the language may be, it tells a thrilling story of lust, memory, and consequences within its contents. Keeping it laid out like a map, the language and story tells of a drowning, a friendship, a boy and a girl, etc. and keeps resurfacing through a web of memories and pictures through the years or days of our lives. Each character is connected in some way and the story keeps you engaged until the end.

    Jill Walker Rettberg - 05.01.2011 - 12:44

  4. The Company Therapist

    An early web-based collaborative fiction writing project, where contributors played the role of employees at a large computer company who all see the same therapist. Ran from 1996-1999, and was billed as a collaborative hyperdrama. Produced by Christopher and Olga Werby, but many more authors contributed.

    Jill Walker Rettberg - 05.01.2011 - 13:30

  5. Joseph Tabbi

    Joseph Tabbi is the author of Cognitive Fictions (Minnesota 2002) and Postmodern Sublime (Cornell 1995), books that examine the effects of new technologies on contemporary American fiction. He is the founding editor of electronic book review (ebr), and has edited and introduced William Gaddis’s last fiction and collected non-fiction (Viking/Penguin). His essay on Mark Amerika appeared at the Walker Art Center’s phon:e:me site, a 2000 Webby Award nominee. Also online (the Iowa Review Web) is an essay-narrative, titled “Overwriting,” an interview, and a review of his recent work. Tabbi has served as president of the Electronic Literature Organization. He is currently a Principal Investigator at the Center for Digital Narrative, University of Bergen.

    Eric Dean Rasmussen - 06.01.2011 - 12:56

  6. Electronic Literature as World Literature; or, The Universality of Writing under Constraint

    Electronic literature is not just a “thing” or a “medium” or even a body of “works” in various “genres.” It is not poetry, fiction, hypertext, gaming, codework, or some new admixture of all these practices. E-literature is, arguably, an emerging cultural form, as much a collective creation of terms, keywords, genres, structures, and institutions as it is the production of new literary objects. The ideas of cybervisionaries Paul Otlet, Vannevar Bush, and Ted Nelson, foundational to the electronic storage, recovery, and processing of texts, go beyond practical insights and can be seen to participate in a long-standing ambition to construct a world literature in the sense put forward by David Damrosch (2003: 5): “not an infinite ungraspable canon of works but rather a mode of circulation and of reading...

    Eric Dean Rasmussen - 06.01.2011 - 12:57

  7. Diagrams Series 6: 6.4 and 6.10

    Diagrams Series 6 is the latest in a life-long series of Diagram Poems, the earliest experimentations for which began in 1968. Although I have been making interactive works since 1988, Diagrams Series 6 is actually my first work written in a fully interactive way: from beginning to end in one interactive environment where the word object is playable at every stage of its development, from temporary unassembled scrap all the way to its final location in a finished piece. This environment is part of an ongoing project which I call Hypertext in the Open Air, implemented in a programming system called Squeak. It allows the works to be played on all popular computing platforms, including Macintosh, BSD, Linux, and Windows. Diagrams Series 6, consisting of the works 6.4 and 6.10, strives to return to the intense diagrammicity of some of my earlier non-interactive works, Diagrams Series 4 and Diagrams Series 3. The diagram notation acts as a kind of external syntax, allowing word objects to carry interactivity deep inside the sentence. Interactivity, in turn, allows for juxtapositions to be opened so that the layers in cluster can occupy the same space and yet be legible.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 11.01.2011 - 12:42

  8. The New Media Reader

    The new media field has been developing for more than 50 years. This reader collects the texts, videos, and computer programs—many of them now almost impossible to find—that chronicle the history and form the foundation of this still-emerging field. General introductions by Janet H. Murray (author of Hamlet on the Holodeck) and Lev Manovich (author of The Language of New Media), along with short introductions to each of the selections, place the works in their historical context and explain their significance.

    The texts are from computer scientists, artists, architects, literary writers, interface designers, cultural critics, and individuals working across disciplines. They were originally published between World War II (when digital computing, cybernetic feedback, and early notions of hypertext and the Internet first appeared) and the emergence of the World Wide Web (when these concepts entered the mainstream of public life).

    Patricia Tomaszek - 11.01.2011 - 14:22

  9. Asunción López-Varela Azcárate

    Since 1994 Asunción López-Varela, has been a professor at Complutense University Madrid, Department of English. She specializes in nineteenth- and twentieth-century literature, comparative literature, critical theory, and media studies. Her research interests include semiotic aspects of space and time within literary representations, computer-assisted language learning, and the use of hypermedia technologies in teaching and research. She is the project leader of the SIIM Studies on Intermediality and Intercultural Mediation.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 12.01.2011 - 16:30

  10. Alexandra Saemmer

    Alexandra Saemmer is associate professor of information and communication sciences at University Paris 8. Her current research projects focus on semiotics and aesthetics of digital media, reading and writing in digital environments. She is the author and editor of several books and articles on digital literature and arts.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 12.01.2011 - 16:42

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