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1. Samplers: Nine Vicious Little Hypertexts

   Deena Larsen's Samplers: Nine Vicious Little Hypertexts was originally published on 3.5-inch floppy disk for Macintosh and PC computers in 1997; it was released later that year on CD-ROM for both platforms. Larsen reports that she produced the work on her Macintosh computer and had not seen the PC version until years later ("Interview"). The work was created with Storyspace 1.2C and requires 5.5 MB of space. It is the second major work by Larsen and follows two years after the success of her opus, Marble Springs(1993). Contained among the nine little hypertexts is Century Cross, a work that was published as a solo work two years after Samplers Version 1.0 was released.  

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.01.2011 - 12:09

2. Ex-foliations: Reading Machines and the Upgrade Path

   In Ex-foliations, Terry Harpold investigates paradoxes of reading’s backward glances in the theory and literature of the digital field. In original analyses of Vannevar Bush’s Memex and Ted Nelson’s Xanadu, and in innovative readings of early hypertext fictions by Michael Joyce and Shelley Jackson, Harpold asserts that we should return to these landmarks of new media scholarship with newly focused attention on questions of media obsolescence, changing user interface designs, and the mutability of reading. In these reading machines, Harpold proposes, we may detect traits of an unreadable surface—the real limit of the machines’ operations and of the reader’s memories—on which text and image are projected in the late age of print. (Source: Publisher's website.)

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 24.02.2011 - 09:48

3. Electronic Literature Seen from a Distance: The Beginnings of a Field

   This paper outlines the development of the hypertext fiction community that developed in the United States of America from the late eighties and onwards. This community was separate from the interactive fiction community (and largely thought of its works as different from “games”) and largely revolved around the use of Storyspace, a software tool for creating electronic literature, and later, around Eastgate, a publisher of hypertext fiction and the company that developed Storyspace. While some work was written and published in Hypercard and other systems, the technology of a dominant software authoring tool and of the mechanics of distribution (diskettes sold by mail order) formed the hub of the electronic literature community during this period. There was little or no communication with other communities, such as the IF community or digital art communities. With the advent of the web, new authoring and distribution channels opened up, and this hub gradually lost its dominance. The transition from this relatively centralised and explicit community to the networked communities and scattered individuals of the Web is an interesting one to explore.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 07:32

4. Ontological Boundaries and Methodological Leaps: The Importance of Possible Worlds Theory for Hypertext Fiction (and Beyond)

   This essay sets out an ontologically centered approach to Storyspace hypertext fiction by applying Ryan’s (1991) model of Possible Worlds Theory to two canonical texts [...] Shelley Jackson’s Patchwork Girl (1995) and Stuart Moulthrop’s Victory Garden (1991). The analyses show how the Possible Worlds Theory method allows the study of hypertext fiction to move away from the chronological focus of traditional narrative theory to address the ontological mechanics of hypertext narratives. The chapter closes by suggesting ways in which Possible Worlds Theory might also be used as an analytical tool for other forms of digital literature.

   (Source: author's abstract.)

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 08.04.2012 - 09:17

5. RA-DIO

   In 1993 the first Italian hypertext novel, Ra-Dio, was published on floppy-disk along with a print edition. Lorenzo Miglioli aimed to break traditional schemes of Italian literature exactly as Sex Pistols’ punk renovated musical panoramas in the 70's. Thus, this work has not been corrected on its orthography aspects and it has some obscene and disturbing content, that had their ultimate success in the group of Italian writers named “Cannibali”, founded later on. “RA-DIO, 1993, was thought as a readymade […] Ra-Dio has to be kept closed, in its cellophane, that one is the exhibited work. Literary, construction of fiction and theory-fiction, parallel worlds and often alternative words [...] doesn't try to express the unexpressible. In case, to unexpress the expressible.” The Great Hypertext Swindle, «Neural», 1994

    

   Giovanna Di Rosario - 06.05.2012 - 20:06

6. Hypertext in the Attic: The Past, Present, and Future of Digital Writing

   A discussion of a range of hypertext fictions asking whether hypertext still matters in literature.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 23.01.2013 - 22:31

7. A Stitch in Twine: Platform Studies and Porting Patchwork Girl

   This presentation asks what we can learn about a foundational work of electronic literature – Shelley Jackson’s Patchwork Girl – by porting it to a new platform. More than this, it asks what we can learn about the source and target platforms of such a porting exercise.

   Hannah Ackermans - 13.11.2015 - 13:23

8. Pathfinders: Documenting the Experience of Early Digital Literature

   Pathfinders was a project that lasted from 1986 to 1995 and went through a process of documenting hypertext fiction and poetry. To document the works they videotaped each artist and two additional readers interacting with a work on its original computer platform, also called traversal. Besides the traversal videos, it also includes videos of interviews with the artists and readers of the works included, photos of the artifacts, folio covers etc. Pathfinders has also during the process striven to provide information helpful to scholars, gathering information like publication dates, versions and production methods to clear up any disagreements about this information.

   Dene Grigar - 21.06.2016 - 19:11

9. The Durability of Love: Background and History of Tim McLaughlin’s Notes Toward Absolute Zero

   Shipwrecks, train wrecks, and wrecked hearts permeate Tim McLaughlin’s Notes Toward Absolute Zero (NTAZ), a hypertext narrative produced with Storyspace in 1993 and published by Eastgate Systems, Inc. in 1995 on 3.5-inch floppy disk and in 1996 on CD-ROM. As the title suggests, it is a story about cold so absolute that order and predictability are lost. As Rob Kendall points out in his study of the work, “Parsing the Cold: McLaughlin’s Notes Toward Absolute Zero,” the overarching theme of the narrative is the power of cold to both destroy and preserve. 

   Dene Grigar - 24.12.2019 - 23:16

10. In Small & Large Pieces

    In Small & Large Pieces is a short poetic hypertext fiction, a gothic angle of “Through the Looking Glass” by Lewis Carroll. This work interacts with the reader through making them keep using the “return key”. This way the work keeps the reader actively focused on what is happening through the six chapters:

    Chapter 1: The Effect of Living Backwards

    Chapter 2: Injury & Breakage

    Chapter 3: Anna, Phantomwise

    Chapter 4: The Unified Parent

    Chapter 5: Scrambled Eggs

    Chapter 6: The Mirror Shattered

    All together this poetry collection contains 13 short, lyrical poems.

    Astrid Ensslin - 21.04.2021 - 13:46