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Hypertextual Forms and Functioning of Their Units in Russian Literature of the 10s of XXth century – 10s of the XXIst century
The theoretical background of the paper lies in postmodernist writings of Jacques Lacan, Jean-Luc Lyotard, Giles Deleuze, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida and Roland Barthes as well as in hypertextual studies carried out in the 1990's and 2000's by Jay David Bolter, Stuart Moulthrop, George Landow, Espen Aarseth, and Janet Murray. Four basic approaches to the hypertextal studies are surveyed: poststructuralist, describing but not naming the subject (R.Barthes, J.Derrida, J.Deleuze); utopian, dating back to the 1990 and claiming that hyperfiction could replace all the linear and paper communication (J.Bolter, M.Bernstein); narratological, tracing the nature of hyperfiction in the history of literature and narration (J.Murray), and ludological (E. Aarseth) speculating on hypertext’s correlation with game. Building on all of those, the paper suggests syntagmatic approach. The research is aimed to build a meaningful opposition between non-hierarchial hypertextual language and the paradigm of the natural language. The hypertext is defined as a text consisting of combinatorial permutable units that require an active reader.
Natalia Fedorova - 17.01.2013 - 15:03
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Literary Programming (In the Age of Digital Transliteration)
This paper is proposed as the second part of an essay, the first part of which was presented at DAC'98, having the overall title 'Performances of Writing in the Age of Digital Transliteration'. Part one of this essay raised questions -- contextualized by reference to Walter Benjamin and Friedrich Kittler, amongst others -- concerning the intrinsically digital characteristics of text, along with certain implications of these characteristics (and what they have entailed, specifically and especially: the Net) for traditional literary culture, for the latter's critique, and for textual, especially artistic textual practices.
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 01:23
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Three-Dimensional Dementia: Hypertext Fiction and the Aesthetics of Forgetting
Hypertext (the non-sequential linking of text(s) and images) was first envisioned by Vannevar Bush and Ted Nelson in its prehistory as an associational, archival storage system suitable for classifying and sorting vast quantities of information. But where library databases, technical manuals and other knowledge-based hypertexts still fulfill this function, literary hypertext overturns this proposed usage, celebrating both information overload and forgetfulness as the desired end of a reading. Promoting disassociation and an awareness of the spatio-temporal dimensions of its environment, hypertext fiction uses the aesthetics of its three-dimensional interface and structure to frustrate memory and to engender a sensory and emotional response in the reader. Focusing on M.D. Coverley's multimedia hypertext Califia, I will investigate how the aesthetics of the hypertext form become an engine of forgetfulness that drives her text through its explorations of lost memories, including the ravages of Alzheimer's, unofficial histories, secrets, missing pieces and the quest for hidden treasure.
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 12:26
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Intervals and Links: The Indeterminancy of a Link's Possible Future
This paper proposes that link node hypertext can be conceived of as a postcinematic discourse and that a major mechanism of this geneology is available through the comparison of the hypertext link to the cinematic edit. I wish to consider the hypertext link from the point of view of Deleuze's cinematic 'sensory motor schema' where the link can be considered as analogous to Bergson's zone of indetermination between perception and reaction. This work builds upon recent theoretical work that has attempted to define hypertext as a temporal or cinematic medium.
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 13:32
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Cinematic Paradigms for Hypertext
This paper combines film and hypertext theory to try and 'prise open' some hypertextual questions that have been poorly framed. It will use incorporate short film examples. It is also hoped that along the way it might provide a useful way for thinking about how, or why, cinematic theory (of one sort or another) is becoming increasingly relevant in hypertext theory.
The recent history of hypertext and the image has produced a geneology that seems to have orientated itself around one of three major axes:
- poststructural literary theories
- post-ditigal celebrations of hypermedia 'promiscuity'
- post-digital appropriations of cinema into hypertext
The first category is what could be characterised as 'canonical' hypertext theory, and is represented by the early work of people like Jay David Bolter, Michael Joyce, George Landow and Richard Lanham. This work implicitly locates hypertext within existing literary traditions and relies upon the insights, and appropriation of, various softened forms of poststructural philosophy (Derrida, Deleuze, de Man, Iser, et al).
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 17:33
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Omission impossible: the ergodics of time
1. Precautions
This paper concentrates on temporal aspects of ergodic narratives. In that respect it runs counter to the still strong spatial emphasis in hypertext theory. Sadly, this emphasis often goes hand in hand with complete ignorance of narratology and with favoring the narrative models and ideals of 19th century mainstream fiction as is the case for instance with Janet H Murray´s recent book Hamlet on the Holodeck, the past of narrative in cyberspace. In order to avoid such unimaginative mistakes certain precautions had to be made.
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 17:39
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Fixing the Computer World
Nelson believes today's computer world is based on tekkie misunderstanding of human life and human thought.
These have led to unfortunate traditions and structures: hierarchical directories, the PARC user world (the so-called "modern GUI"), the division of the software world into high-walled applications, WYSIWYG documents (simulating paper under glass that you can't mark or cut up), the redefinition of "cut and paste" from their important meaning of previous centuries, the one-way non-overlappable links of the World Wide Web, the locking of Web pages to Internet locations, XML with its imposed hierarchy and non-overlappable attributes of locked-in descriptors, and now the Semantic Web-- a plan for tekkie committees to standardize the universe of human ideas.
All these, Nelson says, are based on warped notions of how ideas, and people, work, and come from traditions and mind-set of the tekkie community. But it is not too late to provide alternatives, because the problems of the present approaches corrupt our work and lives at every level, and huge improvements are possible.
(Source: Author's abstract, Incubation3 conference site, trAce Archive)
Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 23:18
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The melancholic hypertext : the fate of the writer in the tangential narrative
This thesis examines the nature of an electronic medium known as hypertext in relation to the act and experience of writing and expression. Essential to the thesis is a conviction that the experiential realm that is created by a particular medium of communication and/or representation is capable of also creating new 'habits of mind' or 'worldings.' These two concepts are indicative of the intensity of experience that is made available via an expressive act and the extent to which the various aspects of this intensity are capable of transformations on personal and public levels. One of the central issues of the thesis is an ongoing re-evaluation of the euphoric claims that trumpet hypertext as usurping the so-called tyranny of the book and the domain of linear thinking in general.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 23.01.2013 - 23:58
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Russian E-Lit 1.0 - 3.0
Russian E-Lit 1.0 - 3.0
Natalia Fedorova - 29.01.2013 - 02:46
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Hypertextual Fiction on the Internet: A Structural and Narratological Analysis
Traditional printed texts and hypertexts are not fundamentally different. Actually they have more in common than is commonly assumed, and they thus can be analysed well within the parameters of established categories of literary theory. Against this background it seems striking that a number of theoretical treatises by early hypertext theorists such as Landow, Bolter, or Joyce refer to the revolutionary character of this kind of writing, the amazing technological development that lies behind it, and the almost miraculous convergence of postmodern literary concepts and hypertext. These treatises can be criticised for foregrounding technological innovations to a disproportional extent, while lacking both elaborate theoretical foundation and support from actual close analyses of hypertextual narratives. Especially hypertexts which are published on the internet have not been accounted for in a substantial way. Therefore, the present dissertation aims to provide the necessary theoretical framework for a close literary analysis of hyperfiction on the internet.
Source: Author's Abstract
Patricia Tomaszek - 21.02.2013 - 14:18
