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1. Reconsidering the Electronic Literary Artifact: E-Books, Twitterature, and Digitalized Richard Brautigan

   In this panel, "Reconsidering Electronic Literary Artifact," theorists and artists take a look at some of the assumptions that have informed scholarship surrounding electronic literature and offer alternative visions about reading, the notion of “born digital,” and archiving electronic artifacts.

   Audun Andreassen - 03.04.2013 - 10:23

2. Protest Bots

   With half a century’s worth of profound social and technological change, the 1960s protest movement is far removed from today’s world. Networks, databases, video games, social media, and the rise of algorithmic culture and the sharing economy have irrevocably altered our landscape. What, in this world, is the 21st century equivalent of that key feature of the sixties protest movement: the protest song? This paper argues that one possible answer is the protest bot, a computer program that algorithmically generates social and political critiques on social media.

   Using Habermas’s imperfect account of the public sphere as my starting point, I suggest that five characteristics define protest bots—or bots of conviction, as I also call them. Bots of conviction are topical, data-based, cumulative, oppositional, and uncanny. After explaining these five characteristics, I explore several well-known and lesser-known bots on Twitter, showing how they are or are not protest bots. Throughout this paper I adopt a critical code studies approach, diving into the procedural DNA of several bots of conviction of my own creation.

   Hannah Ackermans - 10.11.2015 - 10:07