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1. Transculturation, transliteracy and generative poetics

   author-submitted abstract:
   What effect are the current profound changes in global communications, transport and demographics having on language and its readers and writers, those defined through their engagement with and as a function of language? What happens to our identity, as linguistic beings, when the means of communication and associated demographics shift profoundly? What is driving this? Is it the technology, the migration of people or a mixture of these factors?

   Language is motile, polymorphic and hybrid. Illuminated manuscripts, graphic novels, the televisual and the web are similar phenomena. The idea that the ‘pure’ word is the ultimate source of knowledge/power (a hermeneutic) was never the case. Don Ihde’s ‘expanded hermeneutics’ (1999), proposes, through an expanded significatory system, that what appear to be novel representations of phenomena and knowledge are, whilst not new, now apparent to us.

   Fernando Ortiz (1947) proposed the concept of ‘transculturation’, which may offer possible insights in relation to these questions.

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:07

2. Great Wall of China

   The Great Wall of China is conceived for simultaneous realisation across media, including a Website (1995-96), a CD-ROM with portfolio of prints (1997-99) and an interactive installation (1999). The foundation of The Great Wall of China is a real-time interactive language machine. This uses the metaphor of the actual Great Wall of China as a navigational device. The system is capable of creating an endless stream of ever evolving and changing texts.

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:32

3. Postcard

   web based generative text artwork

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:34

4. Precession of the Equinoxes

   This work uses similar software to that used in Babel, another 3D multi-user internet piece by the artist. Viewers logged in to the work are confronted with a 3D visualisation of a space formed as a receding array of words. As the viewer moves the mouse around the screen they are able to navigate this 3D environment. If the viewer types a word on their keyboard then when they press the RETURN key that word will appear in their own 3D array (the white words). Continuing to do this will cause the words to cascade through the array. These words are also broadcast to all the other viewers logged on (along with the viewers mouse coordinates, allowing each viewers 3D location to be calculated) such that everybody can read what the viewer has written. All the viewers are thus able to see what all the other viewers, who are simultaneously logged onto the site, are seeing. The multiple 3D views of the word-space are montaged together into a single shared image, where the actions of any one viewer effects what all the other viewers see.

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:37

5. Echelon

   This work was made in response to a call by Metamute (London) for Jam Echelon Day 2001. It simply employs all the words stored in the Echelon system in a program that automatically generates texts using whatever dictionary it has available.

   Whenever a user moves their mouse over a text it will automatically re-write itself as a new text. It will then e-mail that text to a random e-mail address (this last e-mailing component of the work is currently disabled, but will be enabled by the artist at the appropriate time - the effect will be to flood the net with echelon sensitive messages at the rate of hundreds per minute, depending on user interaction).

   Echelon is the worldwide signals intelligence network run by the US National Security Agency and the UK Government Communications Headquarters in collaboration with Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Echelon uses large ground-based radio antennae in the United States, Italy, the UK, Turkey, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, and several other countries to intercept satellite transmissions and some surface traffic, as well as employing satellites to tap transmissions between cities.

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:39

6. This is Not a Hypertext

   Web based interactive generative language artwork

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:40

7. Halo

   Halo is composed of four interactive video projections using very powerful high resolution video projectors and four computers with an infra-red remote visual sensing system for viewer interaction. On each screen is visible a number of figures. Each figure is individually interactive, with the audience and with each other. The piece uses object oriented and behavioural programming techniques.

   Each figure is individually interactive and the viewer is fully modelled within the interactive system. A gravity well forms around each viewer, attracting flying figures into their orbit. When the viewer approaches the screen the figures are 'pulled' down to earth, where instead of flying they walk in direct interaction with the viewer. A number of interactive texts using generative grammars, based on the textual works of William Blake, are visible on each screen.

   (Source: Project description from Biggs's site)

   A book about the work is available (essays by Jim McLellan, Sean Cubitt, Steven Bode and Stuart Jones) from Film + Video Umbrella

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 12:00

8. reRead

   interactive language based installation

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 12:04

9. Hva sier trærne?

   English title (What are the trees saying?)

   Kan man tenke seg at vindens sus i trekronene er trærnes måte å kommunisere på? Og at dersom vi klarte å dekode denne lyden og oversette den til vårt språk, så ville vi få vite hva trærne sier? Marte Aas' fortelling om trærnes språk kombinerer direkte online overføring, databaser og sanntids generering til et svært poetisk verk.

   Lansert 11. oktober 2005
   © Marte Aas, BEK/PNEK, NRK Ulyd 2005

   Scott Rettberg - 19.10.2010 - 00:05

10. The Experience of the Unique in Reading Digital Literature

    Traditionally in literary criticism, importance has been laid on the uniqueness of the expression (the author says something that nobody else has said before, or, says something in a way that nobody else has done before) and the uniqueness of experience (my reading of a book is always different compared to any other readings). With digital literature we are facing a wholly new situation. Cybertextual literature possesses devices for creating a different textual whole for each reader and reading session. Even though the piece of computer code underlying the work remains the same, the surface level may be different on each and every run. In this situation the reader may truly face a unique text, something that nobody else may ever see.

    I will ponder the consequences of this new textual condition, especially from the perspective of personal reception and interpretation. I will also present some examples of this sort of works, and classify certain main categories, such as truly unique vs. pseudo unique text, and text where uniqueness is created through programming alone, and such where (one or several) reader(s) is partly responsible.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 12.01.2011 - 20:40

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