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1. Traces of the trAce Online Writing Centre 1995-2005

   This text serves as an annotated archive with links to various media that give account to the accomplishments of the trAce Online Writing Centre: "Between 1995 and 2005 the trAce Online Writing Centre hosted and indeed fostered a complex media ecology: an ever-expanding web site, an active web forum, a local and and international network of people, a host of virtual collaborations and artist-in-residencies, a body of commissioned artworks, the trAce/Alt-X International Hypertext Competition, the Incubation conference series, and frAme, the trAce Journal of Culture and Technology. What emerged was one of the web’s earliest and most influential international creative communities."

   Patricia Tomaszek - 21.01.2012 - 20:09

2. The Flash Community: Implications for Post-Conceptualism

   Complimenting a broader international research paradigm shift, Electronic Literature scholars and practitioners alike have expressed a desire to expand the field to include deep collaborations with other disciplines. In achieving such a goal any original indigenous ideologies and aesthetics may be challenged. This dialectical tension between striving to be niche/identifiable/original in a mixed discipline economy faced with contemporary descriptors of ‘human experience’ such as Baumanr’s Liquid Modernity (2000), Antonelli’s Elasticity (2008) or even Turkle’s "life mix" (2011) remains key to facing this challenge.

   Using new interviews, emergent theories and archival resources this paper argues that the Flash community has already faced the issue of contemporary homogeneity driven by our on-going context of rapid technological change, and can be regarded as an exemplar of post-conceptual experimentalism. After a comparative analysis between the Flash Community and Electronic Literature the paper goes on to explore other new insights and considers the implications of being post-conceptual as a future opportunity and/or risk for Electronic Literature.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 07:21

3. Interactive Fiction Communities: From Preservation through Promotion and Beyond

   The interactive fiction (IF) community has for decades been involved with the authorship, sharing, reading, and discussion of one type of electronic literature and computer game. Creating interactive fiction is a game-making and world-building activity, one that involves programming as well as writing. Playing interactive fiction typically involves typing input and receiving a textual response explaining the current situation. From the first canonical interactive fiction, the minicomputer game Adventure, the form has lived through a very successful commercial phase and is now being actively developed by individuals, worldwide, who usually share their work for free online.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 07:24

4. A Short History of Electronic Literature and Communities in the Nordic Countries

   While literary hypertexts and the research field were still in an early stage, Nordic researchers laid their eyes on the literary potential of hypertext technologies. Some Nordic researchers (e.g. Aarseth 1994; Koskimaa 1994; Liestøl 1994), I would claim (perhaps in a moment of patriotism), contributed significantly to a research field still in its infancy. Still, after almost twenty years, it is hard to discover a specifically Nordic community for electronic literature. Those scholars conducting research on electronic literature in the Nordic countries are usually associates of international communities like the Electronic Literature Organization, Digital Fiction International Network and Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Innovation in Practice. Similar communities in the Nordic countries are not that easy to spot, but we might say that they exist, although as rather small-scale projects and communities. This does however not imply that they are insignificant.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 07:26

5. Developing an Identity for the Field of Electronic Literature: Reflections on the Electronic Literature Organization Archives

   The Electronic Literature Organization (ELO) was founded as a literary nonprofit organization in 1999 after the Technology Platforms for 21st Century Literature conference at Brown University. Along with Jeff Ballowe and Robert Coover, I was a co-founder of the ELO, and served as its first Executive Director from 1999-2001, and have served on its board of directors in the years since then. Today it is one of the most active organizations in the field of electronic literature, central to the practice of e-lit in the United States and its establishment as an academic discipline. This essay briefly outlines the early history of the organization, the ways that the mission, profile, and the focus of the organization evolved and changed in its first decade, and offers some tentative insights into the ways that an institutionally structured community can facilitate network-mediated art practice.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 07:30

6. Digital Literature in France

   Serge Bouchardon's paper concludes with the observation that the field of digital literature "is based on each country's own conception of literariness, of the digital medium, as well as on the relation between the two" and completes his article with a question to be considered in future research on communities, asking if digital literature is a coherent international field or a mere collection of cultural specificities. Giving an account of how digital literature in France evolved theoretically and historically through the creation of creative works and their traditional filiations, within a study of two socio-technical devices, he also analyzes how a particular mailing list, "a reflexive device" of a community possibly contributes to the construction of the field. His contribution comes along with a rich collection of links to various French actors in the field.

   (Source: Article abstract.)

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 23.03.2012 - 15:36

7. Creativity as a Social Relation?

   Social science in general and anthropology in particular has long attended to core concerns with the structure and form of societies, and with the constant interplay of individual and collective elements. These concerns are obvious: how we understand the emergence and form of human worlds necessitates an approach to creative agency alongside the conditions under which that agency is exercised. As Marx famously wrote in 1852, ‘Men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please’. But recent scholarship in the field of anthropology has taken theorising beyond the familiar impasses of structure and agency through an emphasis on practice (e.g. Bourdieu 1977) and on to the embodied and improvisational nature of knowledge and social action (e.g. Ingold 2000, Hallam & Ingold 2007). Creativity is central here. But creativity conceived not as individual genius (an approach that generates questions about how the individual and the collective collide; one clearly linked to other assumptions Westerners make about the bounded-ness of individual minds, and the proprietary nature of the self), but creativity as an emergent (and necessary) aspect of social relations.

   Elisabeth Nesheim - 27.08.2012 - 13:33

8. From Theo Lutz to Netzliteratur. The Development of German-Language Electronic Literature

   How and where would we have to begin if we want to bring the rather diverse
   German-language scene of net literature to a closer attention of our European colleagues?
   This definitely is no easy task, since today there are virtually no forums and archives of
   German-language net literature existing anymore. Therefore it may not be possible to get an
   accurate picture of the last 20 years’ net literature. Many sites and forums have been deleted
   from the net, while others remain virtually inactive for years and have to be perceived as
   internet archive corpses. A few are still active and provide material for current discussions.

   Source: Author's Introduction

   Patricia Tomaszek - 25.02.2013 - 16:05

9. Dichtung Digital 42

   The second Dichtung Digital issue of two focused on Electronic Literature Communities, an output of the ELMCIP (Electronic Literature as Model of Creativity and Innovation in Practice) project.

   Patricia Tomaszek - 29.04.2013 - 15:51

10. Growing up Digital: The Emergence of E-Lit Communities in Spain. The Case of Catalonia “And the Rest is Literature”

    Starting with the famous last words of Hamlet “and the rest is silence”, I would like to introduce Catalan e-lit communities and their experience of digital literature. The Hermeneia Research Group has been one of the pioneers in the field in Spain and has been developing many different activities for the last ten years. Lately it has been promoting a public debate in Literary Societies on Digital Literature (Premis Octubre in Valencia (2009), Catalan and Castillian Association of Writers (AELC/ACEC), Spanish Society of Comparative Literature, Alacant (2010) etc.). Certainly, the celebration of the e‐poetry festival 2009 in Barcelona was one of the big events that supported this open debate on that matter. In this paper there is a special space for one of these activities, which – for the last five years – we have been trying to encourage: creativity. The establishment of the international Ciutat de Vinaròs awards is one of these activities.

    Patricia Tomaszek - 29.04.2013 - 15:59

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