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1. Interview with Michael Joyce

   Archivist Gabriela Redwine interviewed author Michael Joyce during his visit to the Ransom Center in April 2009. Excerpts from the interview are available as audio files and transcripts. Joyce talks about the reader community around early hypertexts, before they were even published and were just being passed from person to person on floppy disks, about connections between his work and Modernist authors (Stein, Joyce), about lowercase letters not being an obvious requirement to early computer programmers, about e-lit authors having to be their own critics and about the sensation of writing the first line of afternoon and knowing that this was different from conventional literature.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.02.2011 - 11:43

2. As We May Think

   As We May Think

   Scott Rettberg - 25.03.2011 - 11:31

3. A Subjective Chronology of Cybertext, Hypertext, and Electronic Writing

   A timeline of events and publications relating to creative work in hypertext and new media, admittedly subjective, but providing a view of the field as seen by one of the pioneers in the field of electronic literature.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 04.04.2011 - 20:27

4. The History of Hypertext Authoring and Beyond: Interview with Stuart Moulthrop

   Malloy's interview with Moulthrop focuses on his early work, his entrée into writing hypertext and his hypertext novel Victory Garden, the "mostly mythical" artists' collective TINAC, and one of his later works, Under Language. The interview appears on the Authoring Software project.

   Scott Rettberg - 20.10.2011 - 09:42

5. What Hypertext Is

   Over the past couple decades, as the term "hypertext" has gained a certain popular currency, a question has been raised repeatedly: "What is hypertext?" Our most respected scholars offer a range of different, at times incompatible, answers. This paper argues that our best response to this situation is to adopt the approach taken with other terms that are central to intellectual communities (such as "natural selection," "communism," and "psychoanalysis"), a historical approach. In the case of "hypertext" the term began with Theodor Holm ("Ted") Nelson, and in this paper two of his early publications of "hypertext" are used to determine its initial meaning: the 1965 "A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate" and the 1970 "No More Teachers' Dirty Looks." It is concluded that hypertext began as a term for forms of hypermedia (human-authored media that "branch or perform on request") that operate textually. This runs counter to definitions of hypertext in the literary community that focus solely on the link. It also runs counter to definitions in the research community that privilege tools for knowledge work over media.

   Scott Rettberg - 25.05.2012 - 14:15

6. Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace

   This article traces the history of Storyspace, the world’s first program for creating, editing and reading hypertext fiction. Storyspace is crucial to the history of hypertext as well as the history of interactive fiction. It argues that Storyspace was built around a topographic metaphor and that it attempts to model human associative memory. The article is based on interviews with key hypertext pioneers as well as documents created at the time.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 04.11.2012 - 09:43

7. Storyspace 1

   Storyspace, a hypertext writing environment, has been widely used for writing, reading, and research for nearly fifteen years. The appearance of a new implementation provides a suitable occasion to review the design of Storyspace, both in its historical context and in the context of contemporary research. Of particular interest is the opportunity to examine its use in a variety of published documents, all created within one system, but spanning the most of the history of literary hypertext.

   EDITOR'S NOTE: This paper is interesting for the technical background it provides on many often-analysed works of electronic literature.

   Jill Walker Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 14:49

8. Les Basiques: la littérature numérique

   Ce Basiques se propose d'explorer les contrées de la littérature numérique. Ses approches sont diverses et relèvent de conceptions parfois antagonistes. Elle forme un continent ancré dans des cultures variées qui dialoguent entre elles en son sein parce qu'elle les mixe et les questionne. La littérature numérique s'insère ainsi pour partie dans la continuité de démarches littéraires parfois anciennes, mais présente par ailleurs des points de rupture d'avec elles. C'est pourquoi son rapport avec les littératures issues des traditions classiques demeure conflictuel, souvent à son corps défendant, et ce, sans doute, pour longtemps encore. Que cela ne t'empêche pas, ami lecteur, de l'explorer. Elle te réservera bien des surprises, enflammera ton imaginaire comme il sied à toute littérature et saura te procurer toute une alchimie d'émotions, tant affectives qu'intellectuelles, sur des modes inattendus et vierges de toute rengaine.

   (Source: Bootz's introduction to the project)

   Scott Rettberg - 28.06.2013 - 17:19

9. Lost in the Archive: Vision, Artefact and Loss in the Evolution of Hypertext

   This dissertation offers a history of hypertext, and does not reference any creative works of electronic literature. It has many references to critical writing that is important in the study of electronic literature. The following is the author's abstract: ---

   Patricia Tomaszek - 29.06.2013 - 09:58

10. The Strategic Pursuit of Collective IQ

    The Strategic Pursuit of Collective IQ

    Scott Rettberg - 02.07.2013 - 10:47

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