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1. Electronic Literature

   Electronic Literature considers new forms and genres of writing that exploit the capabilities of computers and networks – literature that would not be possible without the contemporary digital context.

   In this book, Rettberg places the most significant genres of electronic literature in historical, technological, and cultural contexts. These include hypertext fiction, combinatory poetics, interactive fiction (and other game-based digital literary work), kinetic and interactive poetry, and networked writing based on our collective experience of the Internet. He argues that electronic literature demands to be read both through the lens of experimental literary practices dating back to the early twentieth century and through the specificities of the technology and software used to produce the work. 

   Scott Rettberg - 01.05.2018 - 20:06

2. Canon Goes Mobile: Ludosemiotics of Remediation

   Modern forms of literature frequently question our reading habits, and provoke us to re-define the act of reading and the book form. The “magic” of the book, described by Bezos as its ability to be an invisible device that disappears in the reader’s hands, permitting them to enter a story-world, is nowadays replaced by the “real magic” of non-invisible interfaces. The latest manifestations of these interfaces invite us to do things we usually do not do while reading: to touch, to shout, or to shake the device. In the other words, our reading becomes a very sensual and corporeal action and our “reading behaviour” is important for discovering the meaning of the work. That’s why we need a revision of poetics (Simanowski 2009), like Bouchardon’s theory of gestural manipulation as a literary figure (2014). 

   Scott Rettberg - 29.08.2018 - 14:56

3. Towards the study of the literary phenomenon in digital media

   Literature created in digital media exists in a realm whose borders may be changing, malleable, or nonexistent. In this realm, where anything may happen, traditional theories are insufficient to understand the literary phenomenon in non-print platforms. Electronic literature demands an analysis that matches its nature, which does not necessarily coincide with existing theory, since electronic literature exists to be consumed through technologies which have been available just recently and which, by transforming the ways we read and write, challenge the canon of literary form, and establishing a new paradigm for text creation and reading. According to Roger Chartier, “The electronic text revolution is at once a revolution in the technology of the production and reproduction of texts, a revolution in the medium of writing and a revolution in reading practices.” (“Readers and readings in the Electronic Age”) as a corollary, this revolution implies also a new way of approaching the literary phenomenon from a critical perspective.

   Linn Heidi Stokkedal - 29.08.2018 - 15:13

4. Two Dimensions for classifying interactive digital narratives

   In this paper, I introduce two dimensions for classifying interactive digital narratives to allow comparisons between works in different traditions with the aim to improve the dialogue across these divides. Electronic literature and other forms of interactive digital narratives exist in many forms, amongst them Interactive Fiction (IF), hypertext fiction (HF), narrative-focused video games, interactive documentaries, art installations and VR/AR works. Between these different forms, underlying models, artistic approaches and descriptive vocabulary differ considerably. I propose to map different works and positions along the dimensions of narrative status and player/interactor role. These two dimensions enable comparisons and are a stepping stone towards a more developed analytical matrix in the future

   Linn Heidi Stokkedal - 29.08.2018 - 15:20

5. Algorithmic Invention

   In his 1966 essay “Rhétorique et enseignement,” Gérard Genette observes that literary studies did not always emphasize the reading of texts. Before the end of the nineteenth century, the study of literature revolved around the art of writing. Texts were not objects to interpret but models to imitate. The study of literature emphasized elocutio, or style and the arrangement of words. With the rise of literary history, academic reading approached texts as objects to be explained. Students learned to read in order to write essays (dissertations) where they analyzed texts according to prescribed methods. This new way of studying literature stressed dispositio, or the organization of ideas. Recent developments in information technology have further challenged paradigms for reading literature. Digital tools and resources allow for the study of large collections of texts using quantitative methods. Various computational methods of distant as well as close reading facilitate investigations into fundamental questions of the possibilities for literary creation. Technology has the potential for exploring inventio, or the finding of ideas that can be expressed through writing.

   Li Yi - 29.08.2018 - 15:27

6. Video Poetry by Mohamed Habibi: Report from Dubai

   The first ever conference focusing on Arab electronic literature was held last February in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Until this conference, little was know of efforts in the Arab world to create and share electronic literature. This presentation introduces one author, Mohamed Habibi, and some of his works of video poetry, that, as argued here, are grounded more in sound than vision.

   (Source: Author's abstract from ELO 2018 conference site)

   Miriam Takvam - 29.08.2018 - 15:29

7. A framework for developing multi-modal media-spaces using AI techniques

   The act of integrating physical, virtual and textual conceptual spaces to create a unified new media artifact can be challenging. In our work we embrace a constant state of reconceptualization, as we transition between physical aspects of a performance and AI based manipulations that are both visual (art abstraction) and semantic. In these experiments the AI system works with meaning in terms of semantic keywords about the emotions and descriptions of a work. To fully explore the capabilities of these new immersive, virtual and semantic technologies, we can no longer rely on traditional creation, editing and production techniques, but must develop new practices and styles. We propose a new framework for creating what we refer to as ‘multimodal media-spaces.’ These media-spaces include interactive and video-based work that seek to combine physical, virtual and textual entities. This paper details our framework and its uses in several juried multimedia pieces. In our work we use 360 VR and multi-camera filming, movement performance from amateur and professionals, distortions of space and time using AI cinematic projections.

   Jane Lausten - 29.08.2018 - 15:30

8. eLITE-CM Project: Developing enriching interactivity in children digitized literature and e-lit

   The market, the academia, parents and even pediatricians have witnessed the growing avalanche of digital products aimed at appeasing adults’ anxieties regarding the education of future generations, of children who have already fallen prey to the fascination of the screens. Among this offer overdose, it is difficult to elucidate which products are actually fulfilling their promises and which are dull, ineffective or even aggravating the evils they are supposedly counteracting. 

   This presentation will address some of the concerns regarding the future of reading education by focusing on the study of two bilingual works: an enriched digitized edition of an old children story and a piece of interactive fiction. Each textual modality requires different strategies to produce engaging forms of interactivity, though in both cases the pedagogical intention is the same: to promote the pleasure of reading. 

   Jana Jankovska - 29.08.2018 - 15:31

9. Rethinking Contemporaneity: incoherent, uncertain and speculating about Electronic Literature

   The paradigm of the contemporary has become a vertebral concept to understand what is happening with the relationships between sound/image/text in space/time of emerging contemporary artistic practices like Electronic Literature. It is important to ask the question; why within these practices such concepts can coexist without any problem; and because when they are theorized, they have to be fragmented? 

   This is the origin of a whole series of transformations in the ways of production and how the knowledge given to explain contemporaneity is questioned. Questioning what has been given us includes a complex, non-linear, chaotic, uncertain and, above all, speculative web. 

   The objective of this paper is to find arguments that allow us to understand why artistic practices like Electronic Literature accepts coexistence of concepts like sound/image/text; while theorization is a battlefield that defends the interests of its object of study as a paranoid legitimizing state that decides what we should think as contemporary and what is not. 

   Linn Heidi Stokkedal - 29.08.2018 - 15:34

10. e-Loops in e-Lit: Mechanical Reflexive Reading

    Loops are mostly patterns: patterns based on a predetermined set of repetitions, and that allows for a recognizable sense of progression and movement. It is used and perceived as a structure whose impact on interpretation can be considerable. This presentation focuses on how the loop defined as a shape, a process and a pattern becomes a figure in contemporary electronic literature works and practices. I will investigate this particularity of digital writing by examining how loops condition reading and writing practices. How do e-loops revisit interpretation processes? More specifically, does the loop’s reflexivity echoes the electronic text it produces?

    Li Yi - 29.08.2018 - 15:48

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