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1. Authorship and agency in networked environments

   This text discusses how our understanding of authorship has evolved over the past few decades and how this process is now being effected by developments in network and communications technologies. Situating the discussion in relation to post-structuralist theory, Actor Network Theory and the anthropological work of James Leach the impact of network technologies are considered, with particular attention to the emergence of distributed forms of authorship and models of expanded agency. The work of two artists who engage network and communications technologies in distinct ways is discussed in order to evoke perspectives on emergent forms of authorship and agency. The work of Mez Breeze is considered as evidencing a shift in authorship from the human author to an agency of computability embedded in the formal structures of the language employed in the work, suggesting that the text operates as an automatic generative system that constructs the reader as computational interpreter.

   Simon Biggs - 21.09.2010 - 11:04

2. From Lexias to Remediation: Theories of Hypertext Authorship in the 1990s

   How electronic-writing technologies will affect authorship remains an
   important issue in hypertext theory. Theorists agree that the author’s function
   has changed and will continue to change as writing migrates from the page to
   the screen, but they disagree on the specifics of how print-based and
   hypertext-based authorship differ and whether this digital migration constitutes a radical break from the age of print. Early hypertext
   advocates, writing in the early 1990s, claimed that naviagational features, such
   as hypertextual links, transfer a large degree of textual control from writers
   to readers, thus blurring the distinction between the role of the author and
   that of the reader. More recently, theorists began to dispute the idea that the
   hypertextual reading experience was necessarily more creatively empowering than
   reading a printed book. Exploring the arguments of influential hypertext
   theorists, this paper traces developments in hypertext theory in the United
   States during the 1990s. It describes how poststructuralism has informed
   

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 11.03.2011 - 12:51

3. Electronic Authorship, Collaboration, Community, and Practice

   Community has been a central focus of my career in the field of electronic literature, particularly in helping to shape and structure the Electronic Literature Organization, a USA-based nonprofit organization central to the field, and more recently as project leader of ELMCIP: Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Innovation and Practice. I consider practical research and artistic community development vital to the creation of a persistent environment that enables network-based creative communities. When creative communities and research communties are not geographically co-located, institutional identities, online publications, directories, and knowledge bases, and in-person conferences, festivals, and events provide for a kind of floating agora that enables creative community to thrive across borders.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 08.09.2011 - 16:45

4. Quantum Authoring for "Prom Week": What We Learned Writing Six Thousand Lines of Procedurally-Driven Dialogue

   "Prom Week" is an innovative new social simulation game from the Expressive Intelligence Studio at UC Santa Cruz. Unlike other social games like The Sims, Prom Week's goal (as with its spiritual and technological predecessor, Façade) is to merge rich character specificity with a highly dynamic story space: a playable system with a coherent narrative. When I was brought on board as the lead author a year before release, I had no idea the scale of work I was getting myself into: overseeing a team of (at times) eight writers to create over eight hundred hand-authored scenes tightly integrated with pre- and post-conditions, inline variation, and animation choreography. Each scene had to be specific enough to be narratively satisfying but broad enough to cover as wide a possibility space as possible, putting severe limitations on how dialogue could be written.

   Eric Dean Rasmussen - 22.06.2012 - 16:58

5. The Birth of the Algorithmic Author: NLG Systems as Tools and Agents

   Natural language generation (NLG) – when computers produce text-based output in readable human languages – is becoming increasingly prevalent in our modern digital age. This paper will review the ways in which an NLG system may be framed in popular and scholarly discourse: namely, as a tool or as an agent. It will consider the implications of such perspectives for general perceptions of NLG systems and computer-generated texts. Negotiating claims made by system developers and the opinions of ordinary readers amassed through empirical studies conducted for this research, this paper delves into a theoretical and philosophical exploration of questions of authorial agency related to computer-generated texts, and by considering whether NLG systems constitute tools for manifesting human intention or agents in themselves.

   leahhenrickson - 12.09.2019 - 15:02