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1. The ppg256 Series of Minimal Poetry Generators

   I discuss the four Perl poetry generators I have developed in the ppg256 series. My discussion of each program begins with the entire 256 characters of code and continues with an explication of this code, a description of aspects of my development process, and a discussion of how my thinking about computation and poetry developed during that process. In writing these programs, I came to understand more about the importance of framing to the reception of texts as poems, about how computational poetic concepts of part of speech might differ from established linguistic ones, about morphological and syntactical variability, and about how to usefully think about possible texts as being drawn from a probability distribution.

   (Source: Author's abstract)

   Scott Rettberg - 26.03.2011 - 17:39

2. Programming for Fun, Together

   Ever since computers have been programmed, people have programmed them together. From almost the first days of programming, people have also programmed them unofficially, for fun, to create literary and artistic works, games, and technically impressive feats that suggest new directions for computing.

   This paper look into how programmers have worked together in the area of creative computing, and provide a brief discussion of three types of creative programming practices.

   Elisabeth Nesheim - 09.08.2012 - 20:01

3. A Response to Nick Montfort's "Programming for Fun, Together"

   A response to Nick Montfort's "Remediating the Social" keynote talk. Rettberg was subsituting for Rita Raley, who was unable to attend the conference due to Hurricane Sandy's impact on New York. Rettberg provides two examples of collaborative procedural writing practices as a contrast to the social programming examples such as the Demoscene Montfort discusses, and some followup questions on the four main points of Montfort's essay.

   Scott Rettberg - 02.11.2012 - 09:10

4. Literary Programming (In the Age of Digital Transliteration)

   This paper is proposed as the second part of an essay, the first part of which was presented at DAC'98, having the overall title 'Performances of Writing in the Age of Digital Transliteration'. Part one of this essay raised questions -- contextualized by reference to Walter Benjamin and Friedrich Kittler, amongst others -- concerning the intrinsically digital characteristics of text, along with certain implications of these characteristics (and what they have entailed, specifically and especially: the Net) for traditional literary culture, for the latter's critique, and for textual, especially artistic textual practices.

   Scott Rettberg - 19.01.2013 - 01:23

5. Writing the World: Toward a Systems Approach to E-Writing

   Code – The Language of Our Time, new media poetics, and p0es1s. The Aesthetics of Digital Poetry, are three widely regarded collections dealing with e-writing and its code from a humanist perspective. As an indication of how emergent this field of study is, in the several essays and papers that treat computer program code in these works, almost no actual code is presented for analysis or as concrete examples of the abstractions that their authors discuss.

   This is altogether understandable. There was no aesthetic arc hovering over and guiding the transition from legacy print writing to e-writing. In fact there was virtually no transition. Ewriting was suddenly there (here). And its foundation, program code, was an immediate fact that few students of literature had been trained to understand. Before they could, a framework had to be built within which this new literature, whose tools of craft are so obscure and esoteric, could be reasoned about and judged. Program code problematizes literary study at its very essence—at the act of creation.

   Scott Rettberg - 30.01.2013 - 21:39

6. Mining the Arteroids Development Folder

   In September 2008 Jim Andrews shared with me the “Arteroids Development Folder:” a collection of drafts, versions, source files, and other materials that document the work that led to the publication of his “poetic shoot 'em up" Arteroids (http://www.vispo.com/arteroids/index.htm).

   Audun Andreassen - 03.04.2013 - 09:54

7. Reading the Drones: Working Towards a Critical Tradition of Interactive Poetry Generation

   Computer-generated poetry is now almost sixty years old, stretching from the work of Christopher Strachey, Jackson Mac Low and Theo Lutz in the 1950s to the wealth of interactive poetry generators freely available online today. According to Antonio Roque, this history comprises four distinct (but overlapping) ‘traditions’: the Poetic; the Oulipo; the Programming; and the Research. But despite the inherent ‘literariness’ of the enterprise, one tradition is conspicuous by its absence: the ‘Critical’. It is the object of this paper to rectify this omission, proposing a mode of critical engagement that might allow interactive poetry generators to be naturalised as objects of textual study according to the protocols of literary criticism. It seeks to achieve this by means of a comparative analysis between what might be construed as the first interactive poetry generator – Tristan Tzara’s ‘How to Make a Dadaist Poem’ – and one of the most recent (and most powerful) – Chris Westbury’s JanusNode.

   Kriss-Andre Jacobsen - 04.10.2013 - 11:14