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1. The Birth of the Algorithmic Author: NLG Systems as Tools and Agents

   Natural language generation (NLG) – when computers produce text-based output in readable human languages – is becoming increasingly prevalent in our modern digital age. This paper will review the ways in which an NLG system may be framed in popular and scholarly discourse: namely, as a tool or as an agent. It will consider the implications of such perspectives for general perceptions of NLG systems and computer-generated texts. Negotiating claims made by system developers and the opinions of ordinary readers amassed through empirical studies conducted for this research, this paper delves into a theoretical and philosophical exploration of questions of authorial agency related to computer-generated texts, and by considering whether NLG systems constitute tools for manifesting human intention or agents in themselves.

   Jorge Sáez Jiménez-Casquet - 17.11.2019 - 13:42

2. Erik Zepka (Independent Artist)

   Erik Zepka (Independent Artist)

   Jorge Sáez Jiménez-Casquet - 17.11.2019 - 14:01

3. Treatise on Vegetable Logic: Technical Edges for History’s Illiterate

   My work is an ongoing studio of experiments thinking about where writing can occur. After migrating from the page to the computer, it travelled between social sites back into installations, performances and laboratory media. My exploration of what I see as an explosion of technical spaces has led me to think about the tendency underneath that, an industrialized scientific method, as the chief writing medium of our time. Technology and computers yes, but this is held up by the material-knowledge spaces that incubate their growth - this tangible grounding moves the technological into biological space.

   While biotechnology is an extension or an epistemological contextualizing of technology, it is also a marked regression. Inscription itself starts largely in biotechnologies and continually returns to its materials. This coupled with the accelerationist destiny of drowning the new as the old, makes for a techne both ephemeral and nonsemantic. It is this newness and tradition, meaninglessness and evocative saturation that makes the biomaterial both entirely cumbersome in an archival sense and yet persistently present.

   Jorge Sáez Jiménez-Casquet - 24.11.2019 - 14:54

4. Ghosts in the Machine: The Personal Rational on the Fringes of Digital Literature

   This paper will start by exploring Platonic Formalism as Techne without instantiation. In a concurrently anti-aesthetic and morally rationalist manner, Plato's space for any artistic enactment requires a social engagement utilizing a logical method. This is mathematics without technology, or the semantics of the structured without any methodology for construction and preservation. Analytically speaking, we are given a dialogic picture of the ghost in the machine.

   This phrase, used critically by Gilbert Ryle to take apart the mental dualism of Descartes, can contrast with Kierkegaard's appreciation of the thinker - that is, the personal reasoning of Descartes, Socrates debating himself (as he often does). Rationalism takes the form of logical structures that roam the imaginary and hypothetical, a sheerly literary game (Kierkegaard's first stage) in a manner described by absence. A negative machinic aesthetics.

   Jorge Sáez Jiménez-Casquet - 24.11.2019 - 15:04

5. ReRites - Raw Output / Responses (paperback)

   ReRites is a project consisting of 12 poetry books (generated by a computer then edited by poet David Jhave Johnston) created between May 2017-18. Jhave produced one book of poetry per month, utilizing neural networks trained on a contemporary poetry corpus to generate source texts which were then edited into the ReRites poems. (The limited edition boxset) is a conceptual proof-of-concept about the impact of augmented creativity and human-machine symbiosis.

   This book contains 60 pages of poems selected from the over 4500 pages of ReRites poems;  some of the Raw Output generated by the computer; and 8 Response essays. 

   Introduced & edited by Stephanie Strickland with essays by Allison Parrish, Johanna Drucker, Kyle Booten, John Cayley, Lai-Tze Fan, Nick Montfort, Mairéad Byrne, Chris Funkhouser, and an author-note from David (Jhave) Johnston.

   David Jhave Johnston - 25.05.2021 - 19:20

6. Electronic Literature Collection, Volume Four

   The fourth volume of the Electronic Literature Collection (ELC) was published on June 1, 2022  towards the end of the ELO’s annual conference at Como, Italy. ELC4 was edited by Kathi Inman Berens, John Thomas Murray, Lyle Skains, Rui Torres and Mia Zamora. The collection represents a wide variety of works from 42 countries. The enhanced participation in the ELC4 compared to its previous collections shows the global recognition of e-lit (see ABOUT ELC3 and ABOUT ELC4). The 132 electronic literary works are produced in 31 languages, namely: Afrikaans, Ancient Chinese, Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Indonesian, isiXhosa, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Setswana, Simplified Chinese, Slovak, South African Sign Language, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Yoruba.

   Shanmuga Priya - 11.06.2022 - 20:37

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