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1. Footnotes in Fiction: A Rhetorical Approach

   This study explores the use of footnotes in fictional narratives. Footnotes and endnotes fall under the category of what Gérard Genette has labeled paratexts, or the elements that sit above or external to the text of the story. In some narratives, however, notes and other paratexts are incorporated into the story as part of the internal narrative frame. I call this particular type of paratext an artificial paratext. Much like traditional paratexts, artificial paratexts are often seen as ancillary to the text. However, artificial paratexts can play a significant role in the narrative dynamic by extending the boundaries of the narrative frame, introducing new heuristic models for interpretation, and offering alternative narrative threads for the reader to unravel. In addition, artificial paratexts provide a useful lens through which to explore current theories of narrative progression, character development, voice, and reliability. In the first chapter, I develop a typology of paratexts, showing that paratexts have been used to deliver factual information, interpretive or analytical glosses, and discursive narratives in their own right.

   Patricia Tomaszek - 16.11.2012 - 15:43

2. Le récit littéraire interactif. Narrativité et interactivité

   The expression interactive literary narrative applies to a variety of works. In its diversity, the
   interactive literary narrative raises questions on narratives, interactive architecture, multimedia as
   well as on literature. It is because the interactive literary narrative is wrought by tensions that it has
   this questioning and maybe even revealing capacity. This tension is first and foremost that which lies between narrativity and interactivity and which investigates other connections or tensions :
   - with regards to the narrative, the tension between adherence and distance can be characterized by a play on fictionalization and reflexivity;
   - with regards to the interactive architecture, the tension between assistance and control roles can
   manifest itself by a play on loss of grasp,
   - with regards to the multimedia, the tension between a text-based narrative and a multimedia
   narrative can be reached by work on text as a dynamic and polysemiotic object, and also the
   theatralization of interactive objects endowed with behaviour,

   Patricia Tomaszek - 09.07.2013 - 20:19