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Patterns of Hypertext
The apparent unruliness of contemporary hypertexts arises, in part, from our lack of a vocabulary to describe hypertext structures. From observation of a variety of actual hypertexts, we identify a variety of common structural patterns that may prove useful for description, analysis, and perhaps for design of complex hypertexts. These patterns include: Cycle Counterpoint Mirrorworld Tangle Sieve Montage Split/Join Missing Link Feint
Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.01.2011 - 11:59
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The End of Books
Coover's "The End of Books" essay in the New York Times significantly introduced hypertext fiction to a wider literary audience. The essay describes that ways that hypertext poses challenges for writers and readers accustomed to coventional narrative forms, including assumptions about linearity, closure, and the division of agency between the writer and reader.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.01.2011 - 12:33
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Piecing Together and Tearing Apart: Finding the Story in afternoon
This paper is a reading of a classic of hypertext narrative: Michael Joyce’s afternoon, a story. Several writers have discussed afternoon previously. However I have chosen to explore afternoon from a different angle by using theories of narratology, especially Genette. In this reading, I explore ways in which the text confuses the reader but also the many stabilising elements that aid the reader to piece together a story.
NB: Published under author's unmarried name, Jill Walker.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.01.2011 - 12:40
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Semantisation, Exploration, Self-reflection and Absorption: Our Modes of Reading Hypertext Fiction
"How do we read hypertext fiction? The question has been widely explored (Moulthrop 1991; Kaplan and Moulthrop 1991; Snyder 1997; Miall and Dobson 2001; Ryan 2001; Gardner 2003; Gunder 2004; Landow 2006; Mangen 2006; Page 2006) and there seems to be a consensus regarding the reader’s experience of hypertext fiction. Many critics actually claim that reading hypertext fiction generates frustration and insecurity. These and other studies describe how their readers react on and respond to hypertext fiction, but, as I see it, they partly fail in that they put to much weight on the reader’s responds and hardly no weight on the fact that hypertext fiction just like print fiction encourage or prefigure different responses and different modes of reading. The consequence is that these studies suffers from limitations witch lessens their valuable contribution to our knowledge about reading hypertext fiction. One reason for this might be that hypertext theory lack established concepts for describing response structures that encourage different modes of reading.
Eric Dean Rasmussen - 27.01.2011 - 15:13
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Interview with Michael Joyce
Archivist Gabriela Redwine interviewed author Michael Joyce during his visit to the Ransom Center in April 2009. Excerpts from the interview are available as audio files and transcripts. Joyce talks about the reader community around early hypertexts, before they were even published and were just being passed from person to person on floppy disks, about connections between his work and Modernist authors (Stein, Joyce), about lowercase letters not being an obvious requirement to early computer programmers, about e-lit authors having to be their own critics and about the sensation of writing the first line of afternoon and knowing that this was different from conventional literature.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 14.02.2011 - 11:43
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Scholarly Publishing of Hypertext, the Case of "The Victorian Web"
George Landow discussed the development of The Victorian Web, an online resource hosted by Brown University, for the study of Victorian literature, and its relation to his scholarship on hypertext.
Eric Dean Rasmussen - 16.03.2011 - 11:50
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These Waves of Memories: A Hyperfiction by Caitlin Fisher
The web-based ‘hypermedia novella’ These Waves of Girls by Caitlin Fisher won the first prize in the fiction category awarded by the Electronic Literature Organization in 2001. In this article I’ll take a closer look on some of the aspects of this work, a confessional autobiography about a girl coming to terms with her lesbian identity. The article is structured around a set of relations: the relation between the critic and the work; textual and audio-visual representation; personal and social relations; hypertextual structure and autobiographical, unreliable narration. These Waves is a class-room example of the so-called associative hypertext. The hypertextual structure is also closely linked to the problematics of autobiographical narration.. As readers we get to ponder about the nature of remembering, of telling stories about one’s life. One of the genuine accomplishments of Fisher’s work is to bring forth these questions in a tangible, and still discreet, way.
(Source: author's abstract).
Eric Dean Rasmussen - 20.03.2011 - 09:58
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Review of From Papyrus to Hypertext: Toward the Universal Digital Library
In forty pithy essays, the author considers technological innovations that have transformed writing, altering the activity of reading and the processing of texts, individually and collectively. . . . The book's fragmentary organization--the adroit syntheses can be read in any order--makes it exceptionally accessible . . . for the born-digital generation. . . . Essential.
Eric Dean Rasmussen - 24.03.2011 - 15:57
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A Subjective Chronology of Cybertext, Hypertext, and Electronic Writing
A timeline of events and publications relating to creative work in hypertext and new media, admittedly subjective, but providing a view of the field as seen by one of the pioneers in the field of electronic literature.
Jill Walker Rettberg - 04.04.2011 - 20:27
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"Uncle Roger", an Online Narrabase
Uncle Roger is a "narrabase" or narrative database. It was first told as an online serial on Art Com Electronic Network (ACEN) and then was published as an interactive online database on ACEN. It is also available as computer software for both Apple II and IBM-compatible computers. The narrabase form uses a computer database to build up levels of meaning. The artist explains how this form evolved from her visual books and her information databases. She discusses the story and structure of Uncle Roger and describes how the story was told and published in an online community. In the conclusion she discusses the future of computer literature.
(Source: author's abstract for paper)
Jill Walker Rettberg - 04.04.2011 - 20:49
