ELIZA

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Description (in English): 

Eliza (Weizenbaum 1966) is the first chatterbot -- a computer program that mimics human conversation. In only about 200 lines of computer code, Eliza models the behavior of a psychiatrist (or, more specifically, the "active listening" strategies of a touchy-feely 1960s Rogerian therapist).

(Source: Dennis G. Jerz's site)

Critical writing that references this work:

Title Author Yearsort descending
ELIZA — A Computer Program For the Study of Natural Language Communication Between Man And Machine Joseph Weizenbaum 1966
Computer Power and Human Reason Joseph Weizenbaum 1991
A Ciberliteratura: Criação Literária e Computador Pedro Barbosa 1996
What is the Point of Compulit? Marie-Laure Ryan 1998
Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace Janet H. Murray 1998
Digital Poetics: The Making of E-Poetries Loss Pequeño Glazier 2001
Interactive Drama, Art, and Artificial Intelligence Michael Mateas 2002
Editing the Interface: Textual Studies and First Generation Digital Objects Matthew G. Kirschenbaum 2002
Fiction and Interaction: How Clicking a Mouse Can Make You Part of a Fictional World Jill Walker Rettberg 2003
Continuous Paper Nick Montfort 2004
Creating Screen-Based Multiple State Environments: Investigating Systems of Confutation Donna Leishman 2004
Continuous Paper: Print Interfaces and Early Computer Writing Nick Montfort 2004
Theory and technology for computational narrative: an approach to generative and interactive narrative with bases in algebraic semiotics and cognitive linguistics D. Fox Harrell 2007
Command Lines: Aesthetics and Technique in Interactive Fiction and New Media Jeremy Douglass 2007
Provocation by Program: Imagining a Next-Revolution Eliza Nick Montfort, Andrew Stern 2008
ELIZA Revisited Noah Wardrip-Fruin 2008
Original Chat: Exploring the Origins of the Turing Test Mark C. Marino 2008
Techno-historical Limits of the Interface: The Performance of Interactive Narrative Experiences Andrew Hutchison 2009
Creativity Support for Computational Literature Daniel C. Howe 2009
Expressive Processing: Digital Fictions, Computer Games, and Software Studies Noah Wardrip-Fruin 2009
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Scott Rettberg